Identifikasi Elemen Khas Arsitektur Jengki di Kota Semarang

Abstract

Title: Identification of Distinctive Elements of Jengki Architecture in Semarang City

Jengki architecture is a post-independence architectural expression that reflects Indonesia’s efforts to shape a national identity through a unique visual language. However, its existence has gradually faded, including in Semarang, a city that played a significant role in architectural development in Central Java. This study aims to identify the characteristic elements of Jengki-style buildings in Semarang and examine how these elements are preserved, adapted, or disregarded in their current condition. The elements analyzed include roof forms, slanted walls, ventilation blocks (rosters), verandas or porticos, building base forms, and material combinations. A descriptive, qualitative method was employed, with data collected through a literature review, field observations, and documentation. The case study focuses on eight representative buildings with Jengki characteristics, selected based on diverse functions, including urban and rural residences, official housing, warehouses, schools, offices, places of worship, and commercial buildings. The findings show that the application of Jengki elements is contextual and varies depending on building function. Saddle roofs and basic building forms are the most commonly retained elements across different building types. This study aims to enhance the understanding of Jengki architectural characteristics in Semarang and provide a foundation for the contextual preservation and development of local architectural identity.