Penerapan Konsep Tri Hita Karana pada Gereja Katolik Paroki Roh Kudus Katedral Denpasar

Abstract

Title: Implementation of the Tri Hita Karana Concept at the Holy Spirit Cathedral Catholic Church, Denpasar

Traditional Balinese architecture is a form of cultural heritage that reflects philosophical values, including the Tri Hita Karana concept, which underpins spatial planning and architectural form. This concept emphasizes the balance of relationships between humans and God (parahyangan), among fellow humans (pawongan), and between humans and the environment (palemahan). This study examines the application of the Tri Hita Karana concept in the architectural design of the Gereja Katolik Paroki Roh Kudus Katedral Denpasar, which integrates Gothic European architecture with Traditional Balinese architectural elements. The research aims to: (1) identify the factors influencing the application of Tri Hita Karana in the church’s architectural composition, and (2) compare its implementation before and after renovation. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through field observation, interviews, and visual documentation. The findings reveal that the Tri Hita Karana concept is not only reflected in spatial layout and architectural form but is also embodied in the renovation process through Balinese traditional rituals, local material selection, and the liturgical space arrangement, which aligns harmoniously with Balinese architectural philosophy. This study concludes that the church successfully integrates Catholic values with local Balinese wisdom, reinforcing the local architectural identity within a contemporary religious building.