Analisis Pengaruh Vegetasi terhadap Soundscape di Ruang Publik

Studi Kasus Taman Surya Surabaya

Abstract

Title: Analysis of Vegetation Effect on Soundscape in Public Space: Case Study of Taman Surya Surabaya

Surabaya’s urban activities generate significant noise from traffic and crowds, undermining auditory comfort in public spaces. Urban parks serve as acoustic refuges, where vegetation absorbs, blocks, and alters sound to shape the soundscape. This study assesses how vegetation density, height, and type affect soundscapes in a Surabaya city park using a mixed‑methods approach: SPL measurements at 23 points across sparse, medium, and dense vegetation zones, complemented by spatial observation. The sparse zone averaged 70,50 dB, the medium zone 67,41 dB, and the dense zone 66,65 dB, corresponding to noise reductions of 9,20 dB (11,6 %), 12,29 dB (15,4 %), and 13,05 dB (16,4 %) relative to the control. When stratified by height, low vegetation recorded 72,00 dB (7,70 dB; 9,7 %), medium 67,17 dB (12,53 dB; 15,7 %), and high 69,30 dB (10,40 dB; 13,1 %). Biophonic sounds predominated in dense areas, whereas sparse zones were dominated by anthrophony.